Coronary artery bypass (also called coronary artery bypass grafting - CABG) is a surgical solution for people suffering from atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is the buildup of cholesterol, fats, and other substances in the artery walls. This accumulation makes the arteries thicker, narrower, and stiffer, which can restrict blood flow.

Bypass surgery is considered the third and last line of treatment – after the first line, which includes modifying lifestyle and conservative medication treatment, and the second line, which includes catheterization.

The long-term effectiveness of bypass surgery, in terms of reducing morbidity and mortality, is unquestionable, and is considered the best of all possible alternatives.