Ovarian cysts

Treating ovarian cysts, a common gynecological condition

Find out what the symptoms are, what situations require surgery, and what treatment options are available at Assuta Hospital.

 

What are ovarian cysts?

Ovarian cysts are sacs filled with fluid that grow inside the ovaries. While most cyst formations are related to the body's hormone production, some medical conditions increase the risk of ovarian cysts, such as fertility treatments, endometriosis, and hormonal imbalances. Women of all ages may get ovarian cysts.

There are two main types of ovarian cysts:

  • Functional cysts: The most common type, functional cysts are harmless (benign)
    cysts that develop as part of natural bodily processes and disappear within a short period of time.
  • Pathological cysts: Pathological cysts develop due to uncontrolled ovarian cell growth, but they will rarely become malignant (cancerous).
    Common symptoms include
    • Pain or discomfort in the abdomen or pelvic area
    • Painful intercourse
    • Abdominal swelling
    • Abnormal bleeding
    • Irregular periods
    • Difficulty passing urine or experiencing a frequent need to urinate

What are the situations that require surgery?

In most pathological cyst cases, the patient’s cysts need to be removed and examined microscopically by a pathologist to determine whether they are benign or malignant.

Certain conditions require immediate treatment and urgent surgical intervention such as a ruptured cyst accompanied by severe abdominal pain, a cyst that causes bleeding, or ovarian torsion, in which an ovary twists around the ligaments that hold it in place.

 

Surgical procedure for cysts

Surgical laparoscopy, which removes the cyst from the ovary, is considered safe and effective, offering rapid recovery and good cosmetic results.

In cases of suspected malignant cysts, an immediate lab analysis (called a frozen section) is typically performed to obtain a preliminary diagnosis.

Laparoscopic surgery is performed as a day hospital procedure under general anesthesia.
Recovery time is about one week and the patient can expect to return to full function within one to two weeks.

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